Table 1 List of VCP cofactors and their proposed functions
From: VCP regulates early tau seed amplification via specific cofactors
Cofactor | Function |
|---|---|
AMFR/GP78 | ERAD |
ANKZF1 | Cellular response to hydrogen peroxide, ERAD |
ASPSCR1/ UBXD9 | VCP hexamer disassembly |
ATXN3 | Deubiquitinase; ERAD |
DERL1 | ERAD |
DERL2 | ERAD |
FAF1/UBXD12 | Apoptosis, autophagy |
FAF2/UBXD8 | ERAD, lipid droplet turnover |
NGLY1 | Degradation of misfolded glycoproteins |
NPLOC4/NPL4 | ERAD |
NSFL1C/p47 | Membrane fusion |
OTUB1 | Cleaves branched polyubiquitin chains |
PLAA | ERAD, autophagy |
RPS27A | Fusion of ubiquitin and ribosomal protein S27a |
SVIP | ERAD, autophagy |
SYVN1 | E3 ligase; ERAD |
UBE4B | E3/E4 ligase; ERAD |
UBXN1/SAKS1 | ERAD |
UBXN10/UBXD3 | Tethering factor for VCP in cilium assembly |
UBXN11/UBXD5 | Actin cytoskeleton reorganization |
UBXN2A/UBXD4 | Autophagosome formation, proteasome degradation |
UBXN2B/p37 | Membrane fusion |
UBXN4/UBXD2 | ERAD |
UBXN6/UBXD1 | ERAD, endosome to lysosome transport, macroautophagy |
UBXN7/UBXD7 | HIF1α turnover |
UBXN8/UBXD6 | ERAD |
UFD1L | ERAD |
VCPIP1 | Deubiquitinase, membrane fusion |
VIMP | ERAD |
YOD1 | Deubiquitinase, macroautophagy, ERAD |