Fig. 5

Microglial CD2AP haploinsufficiency suppresses Aβ-induced microglial activation. A Representative images showing hippocampal regions of 7-month-old mice with different genotypes immunostained with antibodies against Aβ (6E10, in green) and Iba1 (in red) and stained with DAPI (in blue). Scale bar: 200 μm. Microglia numbers (1-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test) and Aβ plaque numbers (unpaired Student’s t test) were quantified for comparison. n = 4 or 5 mice per genotype. B Representative images showing hippocampal regions of 7-month-old mice with different genotypes immunostained with antibodies against Aβ (6E10, in magenta) and Iba1 (in green). Scale bar: 10 μm. The numbers of microglia surrounding Aβ plaques with 20 μm in diameter were quantified for comparison. n = 5 mice per genotype. An average of data from 5 plaques in each mouse was indicated. Unpaired Student’s t test. C Representative images of 2-month-old Cd2ap^fl/+ and Cd2ap^fl/+;Cx3cr1-cre mice showing hippocampal regions injected with TAMRA-oAβ (in magenta), immunostained with antibodies against Iba1 (in green) and CD68 (in white), and stained with DAPI (in blue). Scale bars for regular and zoom in images are 50 μm and 20 μm, respectively. Intensities of Iba1, CD68, and oAβ in zoom in images were quantified for comparison. n = 3 mice per genotype. Unpaired Student’s t test. D Representative images of 2-month-old Cd2ap^fl/+ and Cd2ap^fl/+;Cx3cr1-cre mice showing regions injected with TAMRA-oAβ (in magenta) and immunostained with an anti-Iba1 antibody (in green). Scale bar: 30 μm. The area with oAβ injection and the soma size of Iba1⁺ microglia were quantified for comparison. n = 4 mice per genotype. Unpaired Student’s t test. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ****P < 0.0001; ns, not significant