Table 1 Sample characteristics

Cross-sectional (n = 592)

CN Aβ-(n = 206)

CN Aβ+(n = 125)

MCI Aβ-(n = 93)

MCI Aβ+(n = 103)

Dementia Aβ-(n = 9)

Dementia Aβ+(n = 56)

p-value

Age

72.47 (6.87)

75.56 (7.46)

72.68 (8.83)

74.98 (7.23)

74.84 (7.56)

77.14 (9.40)

< 0.001

Sex female (%)

119 (57.8)

79 (63.2)

39 (41.9)

44 (42.7)

3 (33.3)

24 (42.9)

0.002

Sex male (%)

87 (42.2)

46 (36.8)

54 (58.1)

59 (57.3)

6 (66.7)

32 (57.1)

CSF p-tau181 pg/ml (SD)¹

18.56 (6.80)

28.90 (13.56)

19.68 (7.72)

35.27 (18.89)

19.06 (7.14)

35.98 (13.62)

< 0.001

Amyloid-PET centiloid (SD)

7.46 (8.45)

63.97 (33.34)

5.82 (11.47)

79.26 (33.23)

4.48 (13.20)

99.75 (36.15)

< 0.001

Temporal meta Tau-PET SUVR (SD)

1.14 (0.10)

1.20 (0.14)

1.13 (0.09)

1.41 (0.33)

1.16 (0.11)

1.70 (0.47)

< 0.001

ADAS13 Total (SD)

7.99 (4.39)

8.20 (4.86)

11.17 (4.37)

17.00 (6.40)

25.73 (2.78)

31.46 (8.19)

< 0.001

MMSE (SD)

29.09 (1.16)

28.86 (1.54)

28.98 (1.21)

27.35 (2.46)

24.40 (4.04)

21.61 (4.97)

< 0.001

αSyn SAA neg (%)

177 (85.9)

100 (80.0)

82 (88.2)

79 (76.7)

7 (77.8)

31 (55.4)

< 0.001

αSyn SAA pos (%)

29 (14.1)

25 (20.0)

11 (11.8)

24 (23.3)

2 (22.2)

25 (44.6)

Longitudinal

(n = 290)

CN Aβ-

(n = 99)

CN Aβ+

(n = 79)

MCI Aβ-

(n = 31)

MCI Aβ+

(n = 53)

Dementia Aβ-

(n = 5)

Dementia Aβ+

(n = 23)

p-value

Age

72.06 (6.60)

75.13 (6.78)

71.86 (8.64)

73.79 (6.55)

75.02 (5.19)

74.88 (8.95)

0.051

Sex female (%)

58 (58.6)

52 (65.8)

13 (41.9)

24 (45.3)

1 (20.0)

10 (43.5)

0.034

Sex male (%)

41 (41.4)

27 (34.2)

18 (58.1)

29 (54.7)

4 (80.0)

13 (56.5)

CSF p-tau181 (SD)

19.11 (7.05)

27.37 (12.21)

17.46 (8.58)

36.48 (21.11)

17.70 (7.70)

34.18 (13.27)

< 0.001

Amyloid-PET centiloid (SD)

7.28 (7.94)

67.68 (35.58)

5.50 (12.69)

77.62 (30.95)

-2.73 (13.62)

98.88 (31.24)

< 0.001

Temporal meta Tau-PET SUVR (SD)

1.15 (0.12)

1.21 (0.13)

1.14 (0.08)

1.40 (0.33)

1.14 (0.05)

1.66 (0.40)

< 0.001

Temporal meta Tau-PET SUVR annual change rate (SD)

0.01 (0.01)

0.01 (0.02)

0.00 (0.01)

0.04 (0.04)

0.00 (0.00)

0.07 (0.05)

< 0.001

Tau-PET follow-up years

3.52 (1.38)

2.76 (1.38)

2.76 (1.47)

2.52 (1.19)

1.47 (0.56)

1.77 (0.67)

< 0.001

ADAS13 Total (SD)

7.61 (4.24)

8.20 (4.86)

11.17 (4.37)

17.00 (6.40)

25.73 (2.78)

31.46 (8.19)

< 0.001

MMSE (SD)

29.19 (0.89)

28.70 (1.69)

29.20 (1.15)

27.40 (2.28)

25.00 (1.41)

21.10 (3.96)

< 0.001

αSyn SAA neg (%)

88 (88.9)

63 (79.7)

28 (90.3)

40 (75.5)

4 (80.0)

13 (56.5)

0.007

αSyn SAA pos (%)

11 (11.1)

16 (20.3)

3 (9.7)

13 (24.5)

1 (20.0)

10 (43.5)